This could be about sharing what has worked well to benefit local people and your colleagues, or to help you with your professional development. County Lines is where illegal drugs are transported from one area to another, often across police and local authority boundaries (although not exclusively), usually by children or vulnerable people who are coerced into it by gangs. Resilient individuals, families and communities are more able to deal with difficulties and adversities than those with less resilience. County Lines exploitation: applying All Our Health - GOV.UK 2020: In 2020 there were 58,950 wildfires compared with 50,477 in 2019, according to the National Interagency Fire Center. 2 UK Home Office, âModern Slavery: National Referral Mechanism and Duty to Notify Statistics UK, Quarter 2 2020 â April to June,â 2020, Notwithstanding recognition from practitioners that COVID-19 had significantly inhibited detection and safeguarding, the Known as "county lines", gangs use children as young as 12 to traffic drugs, using dedicated mobile phones or "lines". They are likely to exploit children and vulnerable adults to move [and store] the drugs and money and they will often use coercion, intimidation, violence (including sexual violence) and weapons. About 10.1 million acres were burned in 2020, compared with 4.7 million acres in 2019. Resilience is the capacity to bounce back from adversity. to smaller towns in order to make more money. This adaptability, encouraged by the Published: 15 October 2019. Visualizations of the historical tables are located in the "related information" section on the right side of this page. You can change your cookie settings at any time. Drug statistics Widespread coverage is given to yesterdayâs drug misuse statistics release, with the Guardian, Star, Times, ⦠Read more of Home Office in the media: Friday 20 September County Lines is a criminal drug distribution network originating from mayor cities, exploiting vulnerable individuals, especially children and infiltrating into the countryside to distribute Class A drugs to a wider audience. County lines exploitation. This guide is part of ‘All Our Health’, a resource which helps health professionals prevent ill health and promote wellbeing as part of their everyday practice. The best advice is to trust your instincts. It is important that resilience is strengthened at both an individual and a societal level. 2.4 In July 2017, the Home Office issued âCriminal Exploitation of children and vulnerable adults: County Lines guidanceâ. We’ll send you a link to a feedback form. A 14-year-old-boy who is groomed into a criminal network. The 2018 Home Office Serious Crime Strategy states the NPCC definition of a County Line is a term used to describe gangs and organised criminal networks involved in exporting illegal drugs into one or more importing areas [within the UK], using dedicated mobile phone lines or other form of âdeal lineâ. County Lines is a term used to describe criminal networks from large urban areas, who travel to smaller locations such as a county or coastal town to sell class A drugs. County Lines is associated with (Children’s Society, 2018): Modern slavery involves human trafficking and forced labour. Even if someone isn't involved in county lines drug dealing, they may be being exploited in some other way, so it's always worth speaking out. By 30 June 2020, the head of the national county lines co-ordination centre should issue revised guidance to forces on how to complete the county lines intelligence collection matrix. Thank You - Scotland Posted on Monday 20 July 2020. Phones are usually cheap, disposable and old-fashioned, because they are changed frequently to avoid detection by the police. We’d like to set additional cookies to understand how you use GOV.UK, remember your settings and improve government services. Follow the author of this article. The exact numbers of children affected by County Lines is unknown as there is currently no systematic data collection (Maxwell et al, 2019). Today's leading stories include drug misuse statistics, the recording of rape crimes, figures on football-related arrests, and a report into County Lines gangs. Caseworkers offer both practical and emotional support to the young person and their family to help address any issue which might be driving county line involvement. Health professionals are in a good position to engage with their communities and other stakeholders to learn about what is happening locally and develop good knowledge of local services and other community assets. Importing areas (areas where the drugs are taken to) are reporting increased levels of violence and weapons-related crimes as a result of this trend. This is known as cuckooing. County Lines operations have evolved and become more sophisticated over time in response to local policing and safeguarding practices. COVID-19 restrictions hamper the ability of front-line agencies to risk-assess for child exploitation and exacerbate the potential for County Line harm to remain hidden (University of Nottingham, 2020). There are a number of indicators in the Child health profiles and Public health Outcomes Framework related to County Lines exploitation, including: Contextual Safeguarding Network: Contextual Safeguarding and County Lines (2019), County Lines Knowledge Hub site, created for UK policing and its public and select private sector partners, Department for Education: Keeping Children Safe In Education: statutory guidance for schools and colleges (2020), E-learning for Healthcare: Child Sexual Abuse Awareness and Child Sexual Exploitation, HMICFRS: ‘Both sides of the coin’ County Lines review (2020), National Child Safeguarding Review Panel: Safeguarding children at risk from criminal exploitation (2020). Although the NCA reported 91% of individuals recorded being associated with county lines offending were male, females may be underrepresented in these figures, as they are less likely to arouse suspicion from law enforcement, therefore not identified as being involved in this offending statistic (NCA, 2019). Protective factors increase resilience, whereas risk factors increase vulnerability. Child criminal exploitation is a type of child abuse where children are manipulated and coerced into committing crimes. The information below will help front-line health and care professionals use their trusted relationships with patients, families and communities to improve their mental health and wellbeing. It is against the law and a form of child abuse. Leading the UK's fight to cut serious and organised crime, NCA general enquiries or to verify an NCA officer, available 24/7, Bribery, corruption and sanctions evasion, Operation Stovewood: Rotherham child sexual abuse investigation, Intelligence: enhancing the picture of serious organised crime affecting the UK, Investigating and disrupting the highest risk serious and organised criminals, Providing specialist capabilities for law enforcement, County Lines: Drug supply, vulnerability and harm 2018, County Lines Violence, Exploitation & Drug Supply 2017, County Lines - Gang Violence Exploitation and Drug Supply 2016, An increase in visitors and cars to a house or flat, New and regularly changing residents (e.g different accents compared to local accent, Change in resident's mood and/or demeanour (e.g. Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. Sexting Posted on Thursday 20 August 2020. More than 1,000 children linked to 'county lines' drug gang exploitation during three-week crackdown Our new podcast Air Time: Revealing the unreported story of county lines ⦠4,000 teenagers are being criminally exploited in London alone. follow child safeguarding processes – where there are concerns that a young person is involved in County Lines and a victim of human trafficking, by: work with local partners to identify and prevent County Lines exploitation including but not limited to: A good understanding of needs and assets within the local area, drawing on Joint Strategic Needs Assessment (JSNA), Child Health Profiles, Public Health Outcomes Framework, School Absence Statistics and local intelligence, is important to developing responses and identifying who might benefit from these approaches. We also use cookies set by other sites to help us deliver content from their services. Specific data sets relating to risk and protective factors and outcomes are available on Fingertips. As we have seen in child sexual exploitation, children often don't see themselves as victims or realise they have been groomed to get involved in criminality. ... 15 January 2020 ⢠3:01pm. Females involvement is less likely to be discovered by services, but we know it does happen, and they may be asked to carry drugs and weapons because they are less likely to be suspected than males (National Crime Agency, 2019). Young people involved in County Lines are victims of criminal exploitation and adult gang members can be prosecuted under the Modern Slavery Act 2015. The National Referral Mechanism (NRM) is a framework for identifying and referring potential victims of modern slavery and ensuring they receive the appropriate support. In the absence of a legal definition, and limited guidance or awareness of County Lines, children may be seen as criminals rather than victims (Children’s Society, 2018). It is important to recognise the young person as a victim of criminal exploitation even when it appears consensual. Healthcare professionals and the wider public health workforce should: understand young people have been exploited and are victims, not criminals, using non-judgemental language that reflects this. You can speak to your local police by dialling 101, or in an emergency 999. County Lines incorporates multiple forms of exploitation including coercion, trafficking, child sexual exploitation, gun and knife crime. All content is available under the Open Government Licence v3.0, except where otherwise stated, County lines exploitation: applying All Our Health, Further reading, resources and good practice, nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3, United Nations Convention on Rights of the Child, 1989, Keeping Children Safe In Education: statutory guidance for schools and colleges, An analysis of indicators of serious violence Findings from the Millennium Cohort Study and the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study Research Report 110, ‘Both sides of the coin’ County Lines review, Safeguarding children at risk from criminal exploitation, Intelligence Assessment – County Lines Drugs Supply, Vulnerability and Harm, Protecting children from criminal exploitation, human trafficking and modern slavery: an addendum, A whole-system multi-agency approach to serious violence prevention: A resource for local system leaders in England, Collaborative approaches to preventing offending and re-offending in children (CAPRICORN), Criminal Exploitation: Stages of Recruitment, Children & Young People Trafficked for the Purpose of Criminal Exploitation in Relation to County Lines: A Toolkit for Professionals, The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, Recognising & acting on signs of ‘County Lines’ child exploitation: A case study, Coronavirus (COVID-19): guidance and support, Transparency and freedom of information releases, Protection from violence, abuse and neglect, Protection from abduction, sale and trafficking, Protection from any other form of exploitation, majority originating from London, West Midlands and Merseyside, target children and young people of any background, gender or ethnicity, in a range of settings, use social media to make initial contact with children, control and coerce through drug debts, grooming and coercion, identify vulnerable young people for exploitation, physical and sexual violence and abuse, causing physical injuries and emotional harm, emotional abuse and isolation from peers or social networks, which can lead to self-harm and significant decline in the child’s emotional wellbeing, negative impact on child’s future outcomes and achievements resulting from persistently missing school in order to undertake criminal activities or spending less time studying at home, being exposed to 4 or more Adverse Childhood Experiences, leading to increased likelihood of engaging in risky behaviours – for example, high-risk drinking, underage sex and teenage pregnancy, smoking tobacco and cannabis, using heroin or crack cocaine, being a victim of or committing a violent act (, victims of County Lines exploitation can also be subject to the practice of ‘plugging’, where drugs are concealed anally or vaginally for transportation, potential harms to families of children involved in County Lines – for example, being forced to settle debts, different forms of vulnerability often overlap, and young people subjected to County Lines exploitation may be subject to sexual exploitation and other forms of criminal exploitation, such as committing theft or violence, victims of County Lines may also be victims of modern slavery, 807% increase in children referred for support by councils in relation to modern slavery (, use a whole-family approach to address need, recognising that young people are influenced by a range of environments and people outside of their family, including school and other educational establishments, peer groups, the wider community and, or online, work in collaboration with partners, including families, schools, public health nurses, police, education, youth service and children’s social care, to safeguard and promote the wellbeing of children and young people. This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. Childline is private and confidential service where you can talk to specially trained counsellors about anything that is worrying you. People exploited in this way will quite often be exposed to physical, mental and sexual abuse, and in some instances will be trafficked to areas a long way from home as part of the network's drug dealing business. The average age of young people who are exploited through county lines activity is 15-16 years old, but children as young as 12 have also been reported to have been involved (Home Office, 2020a). More than 300 county lines have been shut down in just over a year, the Met Police has said. The largest group were teenagers aged between 15 and 19 (46 per cent), followed by 20 to 25-year-olds (29 per cent) (Busby, 2019). The âCounty Lineâ is the mobile phone line used to take the orders of drugs. Ninety-one percent of those involved in County Lines are male, however females are underrepresented in the data. County Lines is a very serious issue where criminal gangs set up a drug dealing operation in a place outside their usual operating area.Gangs will move their drug dealing from big cities (e.g. It identified CCE as integral to county lines. An estimated 27,000 children in England identified as a gang member (Children’s Commissioner, 2019). Cuckooing Practice guidance for Youth Offending Teams and frontline practitioners. This publication is available at https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/county-lines-exploitation-applying-all-our-health/county-lines-exploitation-applying-all-our-health. Signs that a young person may be involved in criminal exploitation. The UK Government defines county lines as: âCounty lines is a term used to describe gangs and organised criminal networks involved in exporting ‘Children’ is used throughout this document to refer to all children and young people under 18 years. Read more Help for Survey Participants 2020 Census 2020 Census Results American Community ... Small Area Income and Poverty Statistics of U.S. They work with children and young people of any age to help get them out of situations they're worried about, and have helped lots of children and young people involved in County Lines. By 31 December 2020, the College of Policing, in consultation with the relevant National Police Chiefsâ Council leads, should develop and publish its As a healthcare professional, there are a range of reasons why it makes sense to measure your impact and show the value of your contribution. Children aged 15 to 17 years are those most commonly identified as victims of County Lines exploitation, although those younger and older are also at risk of exploitation (National Crime Agency, 2019). To enhance the law enforcement response still further, a multi-agency county lines coordination centre has been established, bringing together officers from the NCA, police and regional organised crime units to develop the national intelligence picture, prioritise action against the most serious offenders, and engage with partners across government, including in the health, ⦠We use some essential cookies to make this website work. be aware of the services and specialist provision available locally and nationally to prevent, support and address County Lines exploitation, including: specialist officers within the Regional Organised Crime Unit (ROCU), National County Lines Coordination Centre, identify children most at risk and those already exhibiting signs of involvement with County Lines, assist young people to gain early help and advice, including adoption of, ensure young people know how to access help and what help to expect via face-to-face or digital contacts, be aware of organisations offering specialist support to children who are victims of County Lines exploitation, build positive relationships with young people and families, listen to what they say, show interest and be professionally curious and non-judgmental, while clearly explaining confidentiality and the need to share information if young people are at risk of harm, follow local protocol to undertake holistic assessment using a conceptual model such as the, making a referral to children’s social care, work collaboratively, communicate effectively and share information appropriately, act as an advocate for young people where other professionals may be judgmental or reject the need for a child protection response, explain what is happening to the young people and keep them updated, help young people understand and recognise the signs of peer pressure, bullying, abuse and coercive relationships, and supporting schools in delivery of, focus on young people’s strengths and future when working with them, where appropriate support them to access life and social skills development programmes, raise awareness of the dangers of social media, and its use in reaching out and grooming young people, use the local needs assessment to develop service delivery and build relationships across the health, social care, education and criminal justice system, evaluate local delivery and provide feedback to support learning and improvements to all stakeholders, the latest guidance and evidence for identifying and supporting young people at risk of exploitation through County Lines, learning and development opportunities for recognising signs of County Lines exploitation, how to escalate concerns, safeguarding, effective multidisciplinary working and information sharing, health and social care commissioners and providers, local, multi-agency Violence Reduction Units, establish strong multi-agency governance arrangements that make sure a holistic approach to support children and young people at risk of exploitation is taken at a local level and that there are clear pathways and referral mechanisms to access support – such as Multi-Agency Child Exploitation (MACE) or contextual safeguarding protocols, use the understanding of local needs to target resources to provide prevention and early intervention to reduce risk for children vulnerable to grooming and exploitation, represent and promote children’s rights in all policies, 16 to 17 year olds not in education, employment or training (NEET), first time entrants to the youth justice system, children with social, emotional and mental health needs, violent crime (including sexual violence). Since the National Crime Agency's first county lines threat assessment was published in 2015, the police, local councils, politicians, charities and academics have had to move at great pace to develop an understanding of county lines. During COVID-19, criminal gangs have dressed children as keyworkers (for example, Deliveroo workers) to deliver drugs (Children’s Society, 2020). If you are a young person who is worried about your involvement, or a friend's involvement in county lines.
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